Financial Effects of September 11th :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

Financial Effects of kinfolk 11thSeptember 11th, standardized few other dates in the history of our country, will be permanently engraved in all Americans memories. Even though the events of this sad day are behind us, the economy is still feeling the burden of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The economy was already experiencing a fall off before the attack. Despite the struggling times, Wall Street analysts intendd that with the six Federal Rate cuts, the United States economy could avoid recession. Then came September 11th an attack that shook the nation. Never had an attack been made on United States mainland soil. Two United and two American Airline airplanes were hijacked by terrorists and flown into strategical targets in America. There were at least four to five hijackers on each plane. They were armed with knives, and having at least one person among them cap adequate to(p) of operate the plane. The hijackers took over the planes, ousted the pilots, and directed the planes on suicide missions. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Centers Twin Towers in New York City, another into the Pentagon in Washington DC and a fourth in Pennsylvania. The result of the attack, the Twin Towers collapsed, part of the Pentagon was crushed, and thousands of people died. The attack was part of a jihad, or holy war by the Muslims in the marrow East against America. They resent us for our freedom and for our occupation of the Middle East. Americans responded with true American spirit and patriotism by volunteering and donating goods. Despite the shock, long-term devastation, and disruption of usual infrastructure and commercial activities in the worlds financial center, the U.S. financial system largely remained open throughout the day and thereafter. Banks and other financial intermediaries stayed open. Key wholesale and sell payment system remained operational, like other financial activities, except that telecommunication dis ruptions had a temporary effect. Even firms in the World Trade Center were able to resume business from other offices or from contingency sites within hours of the attack. The response of the financial industry and the speed with which it resumed business was extraordinary and can be attributed unless to its long-standing commitment to ensuring continuity of operations in the wake of physical or cyber disruptions.The terrorist attacks of September 11th sent the United States economy spiraling into recession. Many economists believe the economy has entered its first recession in more than 10 years(Wash.

Euthanasia :: essays papers

Euthanasia In todays society there are many disagreements about the rights and wrongs of euthanasia. Although death is unavoidable for human beings, suffering originally death is unbearable not only for terminal patients but for the family members and fri force outs. Euthanasia comes from the Greek word Thanatos sum death and the prefix eu meaning easy or good (Russell 94). Thus, eu- Thanatos meaning easy or good death. Euthanasia is a better choice for terminal patients than self-annihilation. In our society, suicide is always traumatic for families and friends. If there is no alternative to relieve the suffering of terminal patients, then the more humane option to suicide is euthanasia. An option for peck that are unsure of euthanasia is called DNR or do not resuscitate(McCuen 2). This means that if the patient has a heart attack or another potentially smutty problem in the hospital, the doctors are told to preform a No Code which means that they should let the patient die peacefully with any amount of painkillers or medication requested by the patient(McCuen 3). Doctors that are treating a dying patient should treat them with care. They should make them as comfortable as possible and give them medication to dull their pain. Instructors tell doctors in training to treat dying patients as people that are alive but just that their death is more threatening than our own(Moroney 2). Many families could rest easy that their relative is being treated well and are receiving the necessary attention. A lot of terminal patients decide to undertake DNR forms or request euthanasia so that they would not be a burden on their families. Euthanasia should be legalized in all of the United States because it would end much suffering and pain. Euthanasia is the justified putting to death or assisted killing of a disabled or terminally ill person at their will or if the patient is incapable of making the decision, at the familys will(Satr is 260). The doctor or in some cases, a family member, uses injections, weapons, or other means of killing to act out euthanasia. But euthanasia is usually gentle and quiet. In most of the cases of euthanasia, the patient died by lethal injection or certain liveness support systems were withheld.

Frank Lloyd Wright :: essays papers

Frank Lloyd WrightFrank Lloyd Wright was an architect who was a pioneer in new style,and he is considered one of the greatest figures in computer architecture in the20th-century.In Richland Center, Wisconsin on June 8, 1867 Wright was born.17 years latter at the University of Wisconsin his interest inarchitecture had already shown itself. He enrolled in civilengineering because the university didnt offer any classes forhis chosen field. He gained some practical experience by working on a construction project for the university parttime. He left school and went to work for the firm of Adlerand Sullivan in 1887. Louis Sullivan from the firm had aprofound in Wright work. He left the firm and went to make hisown office in Chicago in 1893.Organic architecture was a philosophy created by Wright. It sum that a building should be developed out of its naturalsurroundings. Originality was shown in his designs for publicand private structures. The ornate neoclassic and Victorianstyles fav ored by conventional architects was the kind of thingWright rebelled against. Wright was opposed to the mechanicalimposition of preconceived styles. The particular function ofthe building, its environment, and the type of materialsemployed in the structure should be the things that ultimatelydetermined the architechtual form is what Wright believed in. angiotensin converting enzyme of the many fundamental contributions was the use ofbuilding materials for their natural colors s well asstructural characteristics. With the cleared planning of one roomflowing into another his interiors emphasize the sense ofspaciousness.Precast concrete blocks reinforced with steel rods was one ofthe many new techniques Wright initiated. breed conditioning,indirect lighting, and panel heating were a few of the numerousinnovations Wright invented. One of Wright big feats was tomake the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo. The building was made towithstand earthquakes. One year after being completed itsuffe red no damage from a disastrous earthquake.Architects who were more conventional then Wright were againsthis different ways all thoroughgoing(a) out his career. He went intoexile for a year in Europe because of personal difficulties andprofessional antagonisms. Upon his return he began a newcareer of ever so widing-achivments. Some of his later works arethe Millard House the Kaufmann House called Falling WaterThe Johnson Wax Company Administration Building the FirstUnitarian church service the V.C. Morris gift shop and the Price

Essay --

1 INTRODUCTIONHaptics is a recent enhancement to virtual environments allowing users to touch and feel the simulated objects with which they interact. Haptics is the light of touch. The word derives from the Greek haptikos meaning being able to come into contact with. The study of haptics emerged from advances in virtual reality. Virtual reality is a form of human-computer interaction (as opposed to keyboard, mouse and monitor) providing a virtual environment that one can explore through direct interaction with our senses. To be able to interact with an environment, on that point must be feedback. For example, the user should be able to touch a virtual object and feel a response from it. This type of feedback is called haptic feedback .In human-computer interaction haptic feedback means both tactile and force feedback. Tactile, or touch feedback is the term applied to sensations felt by the skin. Tactile feedback allows users to feel things such as the texture of surfaces, tempe rature and vibration. Force feedback reproduces directional forces that can result from solid boundaries, the weight of grasped virtual objects, and mechanical compliance of object and inertia. Tactile feedback, as a division of virtual reality simulations, was pioneered at MIT. The term haptics in its broadest sense relates to the study of touch and the faculty by which external objects or forces are perceived through contact with the body. The word itself derives from the Greek haptikos, able to touch. Haptics can be found in wide range of devices. In the extreme with respect to precision, working(a) simulators use haptics to provide realistic forces that emulate the feel of a real medical procedure. In the extreme with respect to the magnitude of t... ...licationsDesign and implement a few haptic related projects for the benefit of physically challenged people. This proposal develops an approach for haptic geographic expedition of unknown objects by robotic fingers. Because h aptic exploration is coupled with exercise and exploration using a sequence of phases is presented. With specialized fingers and sensors and appropriate planning and control robots can also be enabled to explore the worlds through touch. Haptic exploration has applications in many areas including planetary exploration, undersea salvage, operations in remote and hazardous conditions. Application of the human haptic interaction, multi sensory perception, action and multimodal feedback can be applied in the fields of education, rehabilitation, medicine, computer aided design, skill training, computer games, driver controls, simulation and visualization.

Analysis of James Joyces Araby Essay -- Araby Essays

An Analysis of James Joyces ArabyA love sick, or obsessed, boy? Or a little bit of both? every way, James Joyces story, Araby, is close growing up, and how things do not always turn out how we would like, or expect them to. The main character, a young boy, seems to be about twelve or thirteen years of age. He lives on a dead end street with his aunt and uncle in the Irish city of Dublin. The seed is constantly using imagery to convey how mundane the young boys life is, and how low it is living in Dublin. An example of Joyces treatment choice to create a dull image would be the line through the dark muddy lanes behind the houses, where we ran the gauntlet of the rough tribes from the cottages, to the back doors of the dark dripping gardensIn Araby, the young boy is in...

Analysis of James Joyces Araby Essay -- Araby Essays

An Analysis of James Joyces ArabyA love sick, or obsessed, boy? Or a little bit of both(prenominal)? Either way, James Joyces story, Araby, is about growing up, and how things do not always turn out how we would like, or expect them to. The main character, a young boy, seems to be about twelve or thirteen years of age. He lives on a dead end street with his aunt and uncle in the Irish city of Dublin. The author is constantly using imagery to convey how mundane the young boys life is, and how dark it is living in Dublin. An example of Joyces word choice to create a dull image would be the line through the dark muddy lanes behind the houses, where we ran the gauntlet of the rough tribes from the cottages, to the plunk for doors of the dark dripping gardensIn Araby, the young boy is in...

Carpet-Weavers Morocco †Journal Assignment Essay

Im sure that all of you drive at least heard of, if not seen the famous carpets of Morocco. You must bemuse withal heard things like, What fine craftsmanship, What fabulous designs and prints, What a work of art or What fine skill, from people who purchase these carpets for huge sums of money for the versatile purposes such as praying, decoration etc. But have you ever taken a moment to think, of the origin of these carpets, of the person who sits up day and night sentence weaving these carpets which ar sold for thousands, but what does he get out of this and so on, well if not, then Im sure that after read this, all these questions ordain be answered.In case you didnt hunch over, Morocco is a relatively poor country and most of the carpets woven thither, argon all hand-made and are woven by children, children like me who are forced to vagabond due to ominous circumstances. Like me t present are hundreds of others who have to stomach the same unfortunate lives for the sam e reasons.Let me give you a brief outline of what it is like to be a carpet weaver. Firstly, you have to wake up at five some in the morning and get dressed. E reallybody is allowed is five minutes in the showers, which is just about enough because the water is ice cold and it takes you just that long to g et used to the temperature of the water. After that, we have a so-called breakfast, if thats what you would call it, which is absolutely tasteless and fronts stale. After that, we immediately get to work and chicken feed weaving.Thread by thread and knot by knot, we have to be really careful and focused, and should there be each mistake, we can commit not to see the sun for a couple of days, at minimum that is We have to work constantly until ten at night, when we quickly eat dinner, which is just as bad as breakfast, if not worse and then go to sleep, hoping that tomorrow will be a better day and we will be freed from this emotional state of misery, but then, every morning, it starts all over again, the same torture, the same shouting voices of the slave drivers and the same miserable life.You might wonder, what may lead one to have to live such a life at such a small age, the answer lies deep within our backgrounds and circumstances. Ive been weaving ever since I was seven years old, till today, when Im thirteen. Before this, I used to live with my family, we werent so rich but we were surviving. There were sestet of us, me, my two brothers, my sister and my parents. All of us used to go to a small school in the nearby village. My mother was a vegetable marketer and my father was a drunkard who had a small job at a toothpaste factory. Then one day, due to excessive intake of alcohol, he passed forward. His terminal really didnt make much of a difference, as he was no good any course, but still, we were slightly affected financially.Then one day, a rich merchandiser came to our village, and started offering all the children jobs and promised that he would pay us huge sums of money, if we worked at his factory. Without thinking twice, I took the job and I was taken away to a far away place to work at his factories. Had I known what lay ahead, I would have never gone with him, but at the time, we needed money and I felt that this was the best opportunity.We were immediately taken away to a deserted and remote area where there was no way of contacting anyone. We were told to do as he said, and our families would be kept happy. I never the money that had been promised, instead, all I got was a gloomy place to work, eat and sleep, the merchant kept on telling me that he was sending my family the promised money, but after knowing the reality of this place, I doubt my family ever saw a piece of what was promised, and I also doubt that they are alive right now.As you clearly saw, I was tricked into working here and once I was in, there was no way out I had no choice but to work at the factory, because the merchant said that there was no place to go from here and if anyone tried, they would be killed. The first of my days here were very hard, when I first started learning how to weave, I made many mistakes, but quickly learnt and became perfect.Everyday here is like hell, maybe worse. How I long to outside and play like a normal child. I want to go to school and learn and release someone and do good for humanity, but instead, my life is wasted here, weaving carpets forever. I feel pity for the younger children who have just arrived. They all seem really scared as they are very young and have no idea of whats going on and what their lives are about to become.We have to toil hard and work till late at night and finish at least three carpets in five days, or else we put one overt get dinner. You have to really focus all your attention into the weaving and sometimes we get so lost into the weaving, that we lose track of time its as if, were in another world, much different from this one and that helps to focus more and eases the pain a bit. When weaving, you have to be very careful, for just the slightest mistake could ruin the entire carpet.I feel I have become like a pale shadow of my former self, before, I was carefree and happy with my family, but now, I feel scared and I am uncertain about my future I dont know what will happen to me after the merchant finds no use of me, or will I spend my entire life here just academic term and weaving? There are hundreds of unanswered questions and queries in my mind and Im sure that most of us feel the same way as me scared and uncertain.Everyday is a struggle and every minute is torture. We arent allowed to talk or stop working and if we do, the slave drivers shout at us and sometimes even whip us and theres nothing we can do, for we have no choice as nobody knows of the merchants tyranny and more importantly, nobody cares.At night, when I lie down on the hard and cold floor and try to sleep, I pray and hope that tomorrow will be something els e, something better, but it never happens, everyday is the same, hell. I sometimes wonder, the cruel merchant exploits lots of children every week and brings them here and makes them weave carpets. He then sells them for thousands, while all we get are a few scraps in the name of food.He commits such horrible sins and up to now enjoys his riches and lives lavishly, while we have toil and struggle I ask myself, What have we done to have to suffer such a life of measly and misery? Why wont God answer our prayers? Where is he? Why does the merchant enjoy his life to the fullest extent? Is this the justice of God? Has horror truly oppressed good? Why?, Why?. But, I soon realize that there is no point in asking these meaningless questions, because the merchant will still get richer, while we suffer.I feel that the government should do something about this and so should the people who buy these carpets for thousands, they should think of us and how we are suffering. The merchant is exp loiting us and using us as an unpaid workforce he is abusing our rights and we are suffering. He has to be stopped from his exploitation at any cost because this way millions of children are separated from their families and are sent to far away lands to live a life worse than hell.The so-called Human Rights organisation, should do something to free us from this prison. But then again, I doubt that anything will happen. Some people might set out to do some investigations, but they will probably give up or be bribed by the extremely rich merchant, a case will be filed and will keep on circling the government departments and will soon be forgotten underneath a huge pile of papers, while we will continue to live in this hell

Kamala das an introduction Essay

Kamala das(Has also written under the pseudonyms Madhavikutty and Kamala Suraiyya) Indian poet, succinct story writer, novelist, playwright, essayist, nonfiction writer, childrens writer, and autobiographer. The following entry presents an overview of dass career through 2000. dassie is one of the best-known contemporary Indian women writers. paper in two languages, English and Malayalam, Das has sourceed numerous autobiographical works and novels, several well-received collections of numbers in English, numerous volumes of short stories, and essays on a abundant spectrum of subjects. Since the publication of her first collection of poetry, Summer in Calcutta (1965), Das has been considered an important voice of her generation who exemplifies a break from the past by writing in a distinctly Indian persona rather than adopting the techniques of the English modernists.Dass provocative rimes are known for their unflinchingly honest explorations of the self and female sexuality, urban life, womens roles in traditionalistic Indian society, issues of postcolonial identity, and the political and personal struggles of marginalized people. Dass work in English has been widely anthologized in India, Australia, and the West, and she has received many awards and honors, including the P.E.N. Philippines Asian Poetry Prize (1963), Kerala Sahitya Academy Award for her writing in Malayalam (1969), Chiman Lal Award for fearless journalism (1971), the ASAN World Prize (1985), and the Sahitya Akademi Award for her poetry in English (1985). In 1984, she was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.Biographical InformationDas was born into an aristocratic Nair Hindu family in Malabar (now Kerala), India, on March 31, 1934. Her parental grandfather and great-grandfather were Rajas, a caste of Hindu nobility. Her lamb of poetry began at an early age through the influence of her maternal great-uncle, Narayan Menon, a prominent writer, and her mother, Balamani Amma, a we ll-known Malayali poet. Das was also deeply affected by the poetry of the sacred writings kept bythe matriarchal community of Nairs. Dass father, a successful managing director for a British automobile firm, was descended from peasant stock and favored Gandhian principles of austerity. The combination of royal and peasant identities, along with the glory of colonialism and its pervasive racism, produced feelings of inadequacy and alienation for Das. Educated in Calcutta and Malabar, Das began writing at age six and had her first poem published by P.E.N. India at age fourteen.She did not receive a university education. She was married in 1949 to Madhava Das, an employee of the Reserve Bank of India who later worked for the United Nations. She was sixteen years old when the first of her trio sons was born at eighteen, she began to write obsessively. Although Das and Madhava were romantically incompatible according to Dass 1976 autobiography, My Story, which describes his homosexual liaisons and her extramarital affairs, Madhava supported her writing. His career took them to Calcutta, New Delhi, and Bombay, where Dass poetry was influenced by metropolitan life as well as by her emotional experiences.In addition to writing poetry, fiction, and autobiography, Das served as editor of the poetry section of The Illustrated Weekly of India from 1971 to 1972 and 1978 to 1979. In 1981 Das and her keep up retired to Kerala. Das ran as an Independent for the Indian Parliament in 1984. After her husband died, Das converted to Islam and changed her name to Kamala Suraiyya. She currently lives in Kerala, where she writes a syndicated column on culture and politics.Major WorksDas published six volumes of poetry between 1965 and 1985. Drawing upon religious and domestic imagery to explore a sense of identity, Das tells of intensely personal experiences, including her growth into womanhood, her unsuccessful quest for love in and outside of marriage, and her life in matriarcha l rural South India after inheriting her ancestral home. Since the publication of Summer in Calcutta, Das has been a controversial embodiment, known for her unusual imagery and candor. In poems such as The Dance of the Eunuchs and The Freaks, Das draws upon the exotic to discuss her sexuality and her quest for fulfillment.In An Introduction, Das makes public traditionally private experiences, suggesting that womens personalfeelings of longing and loss are part of the collective experience of womanhood. In the collection The Descendants (1967), the poem The Maggots frames the pain of lost love with ancient Hindu myths, while the poem The Looking-Glass suggests that the very things society labels taboo are the things that women are supposed to give. In The experienced Playhouse and Other Poems (1973), poems such as Substitute, Gino, and The Suicide examine physical loves failure to provide fulfillment, escape from the self, and exorcism of the past, whereas poems such as The Inherit ance address the integrity of the artistic self in the face of religious fanaticism. In Tonight, This Savage Rite The Love Poems of Kamala Das and Pritish Nandy (1979), Das invokes Krishna in her explorations of the tensions between physical love and spiritual transcendence.The Anamalai Poems (1985), a series of short poems written after Das was defeated in the 1984 parliamentary elections, reworks the classical Tamil akam (interior) poems that contrast the grandeur and permanence of nature with the transience of human history. Poems such as Delhi 1984 and Smoke in Colombo evoke the massacre of the Sikhs and the cultivated war in Sri Lanka. In My Story, originally published in serial format, Das provides details of her extramarital affairs and her unhappy marriage to Madhava Das. She is also the author of a novel, The Alphabet of Lust (1977), and several volumes of short stories in English. Under the name Madhavi Kutty, Das has published many books in the Malayalam language. exact ReceptionCritical response to Dass poetry has been intimately connected to critical perception of her personality and politics her provocative poetry has seldom produced lukewarm reactions. composition reviewers of Dass early poetry have praised its fierce originality, bold images, exploration of female sexuality, and intensely personal voice, they lamented that it lacked attention to structure and craftsmanship. Scholars such as Devindra Kohli, Eunice de Souza, and Sunil Kumar have found powerful feminist images in Dass poetry, focusing on critiques of marriage, motherhood, womens relationships to their bodies and power over their sexuality, and the roles women are offered in traditional Indian society. Many critics have analyzedDas as a confessional poet, writing in the tradition of Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, and Denise Levertov. Some scholars, such as Vimala Rao, Iqbar Kaur, and Vrinda Naur, have deemed Dass poetry, autobiography, and essays frustratingly inconsistent, self-indu lgent, and equivocal, although they, too, have praised her compelling images and original voice.Such commentators have suggested that Das is both overexposed and overrated. Other scholars, such as P. P. Raveendran, have connected the emphasis on the self in Dass work to larger historical and cultural contexts and complicated, shifting postcolonial identities. Indian critics have disagreed about the significance of Dass choice to write of her experiences as an Indian woman in English some scholars suggest that, in her shunning of traditional aesthetic form, she has created a impertinently language for the expression of colonial contradictions. Despite disagreement over the aesthetic qualities and consistency of Dass body of poetry, scholars agree that Das is an important figure whose bold and honest voice has re-energized Indian writing in English.

Discuss the Notions of Ideology and/or False Consciousnes

The ideas of the nonion class are in every epoch the popular opinion ideas, i. e. the class which is the ruling real force of society, is at the same time its ruling intellectual force. (K. Marx and F. Engels. (1998) Ruling Class and Ruling Ideas. In J. Storey. (ed. ). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture A Reader Harlow, Essex Pearson, 191. ) Discuss the notions of political theory and/or wild consciousness. Ideology is something that has and will be always in everyones life. This is a part of human life.In my sample about ideology I am going to write about Karl Marx ideas about ideology and also Louise Althusser interpretations about ideology. In my reliance they are the dickens that explain ideology and fabricated consciousness in the best and most understandable way. I am going to start with Karl Marx and write about his thoughts on ideology, false consciousness and how does it fit in to everyday life. Afterwards how Althusser complicated Marxs ideas and explained how i deology licks in quite a littles lives in his aver way.The Expression Ideology was created by Cabanis, Destutt de Tracy and their friends, and they defined it as an object the theory of ideas. Afterwards it was picked up by Karl Marx (1818-1883) and few years latter Louis Althusser (1918-1990) started expanding Marx ides on ideology. primary(prenominal) ideas on ideology by Karl Marx appeared in The German Ideology, that he wrote with Frederick Engels. Althusser wrote about Marxs ides that (2001) Ideology itself represents the production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, all that men say, imagine, conceive, and include such things as politics, laws, morality, religion, metaphysics, etc. Ideology functions as the superstructure of a civilization the conventions and culture that make up the dominant ideas of a society. Ideology is basically ideas of social groups. lot think that something has some gracious of object to serve them, but really it has a different purpo se. For example police, everyone thinks that they are here to protect us, but real their purpose is to bring through us under control. The ideology is based on the ruling class and their ideas. Ruling class tries to keep everything running properly and keep people under control.It is said by Althusser Since one goal of ideology is to legitimize those forces in a position of hegemony, it tends to obfuscate the fury and exploitation that a lot keep a disempowered group in its place. For masses ideology is as a system of illusory beliefs dour Consciousness. False consciousness is a falsification of different social relations between privet and public. Daniel Little (no date) wrote False consciousness is a concept derived from Marxist theory of social class. The concept refers to the systematic conjuration of dominant social relations in the consciousness of subordinate classes.Marx himself did not use the phrase false consciousness, but he paid extensive help to the related c oncepts of ideology and commodity fetishism. Marx never said in his work that ideology is false consciousness, but ideology in his work canister be interpreted as false consciousness in some ways. Ideology is seen as illusionary beliefs, people see things in one way, helping them, their keep conditions and different organisations working for people, for example schools, clothing factories, etc. But in reality all this organisations work for ruling classes to keep masses under ruling classes power.Schools educate people to make them able to work for the ruling class in the future and keep the economy going. Clothing factories create clothes for people, and everybody thinks that their do for them to feel better, so they could go out and acquire new clothes and feel happy. In reality clothes are produced to lure people to buy them and spend cash, give hardly earned money back to the ruling class and most of the clothes are produced to last for a short time, so people would keep c oming back and buying more.Looking through peoples point of view, ideology can be interpreted as false consciousness. Andrew Butler (2009) said in our lecture Ideology people doing what theyre doing without knowing what theyre doing or why. If people are doing what they are doing without knowing, it can be translated as false consciousness. They think that they know what they are doing and why they are doing it, but actually not. Ideology is false beliefs and ideas, false understanding how world works. Louis Althusser, spread out Karl Marx ideas on ideology.Marx separated everything, he thought that superstructure has a relative autonomy with relation to the base, that superstructure is not influenced by base and other way around as well. But Althusser did not reject these ideas but complicates them, he sees superstructure and base working together, he does not separate them from each other. It was said in our lecture by Andrew Butler (2009) Whereas classic Marxism sees the econo mic base as determining the superstructure Althusser sees them as having a Double function. By double function he meant that there is not a separation between public and private, everything is linked together. A good example was brought in our lecture notes by Andrew Butler (2009) Imagine a kind of network where everything impacts on everything else. the feminist slogan the personal is political would be a good way of thinking about this. So the family something that might be personal or more specifically say breastfeeding might seem private is in fact linked to the economic base and influenced by the superstructure.Breastfeeding could be part of a medical fad or you might do it because of education but doing it or not impacts on when you go back to work or whether you buy formula milks so it is an economic and political decision as well as a private one. In Althussers opinion ideology treats people as subjects, because ideology has a material existence. Ideology always reveals t hrough human actions and participations. For example art, art is produced for people to buy, to give money back to the country, but art is produced through another person, through hard labour and he also gets paid for it, this is a job for him.David Hawkes (1996, p. 122) said an ideology always exists in an apparatus, and its practice, or practices. This existence is material Ideology is an ideal idea of perfect state it has a material existence that treats humans as subjects. In our lecture notes by Andrew Butler (2009) Althusser asked why subjects are obedient, why people follow the laws and why isnt there a revolt/revolution against capitalism IF IT IS NOT IN THE INTERESTS OF THE LOWER CLASSES and he explained this through complicating Marxs ideas by bringing in repressing verbalise Apparatuses and Ideological State Apparatuses.Repressive State Apparatuses can control people by force so everybody would behave in the way as the ruling class wants it includes organizations like the police, prisons, security, etc. Ideological State Apparatuses include institutions that create ideologies on what people can act and believe, for example schools, churches, legal systems, radio, press, television, etc. ISAs acts through ideology, they tell people how to think and influence people mentally, not like RSA, which acts through violence. In conclusion I would say that Ideology is a set of ideas of social groups.People think that something has some kind of purpose to serve them, but really it has a different purpose false consciousness. For masses ideology is as a system of illusory beliefs False Consciousness. though Marx never said in his work that ideology is false consciousness, but ideology in his work can be interpreted as false consciousness in some ways. Louis Althusser was another ideology theorist and he expanded Karl Marx ideas on ideology. Where Marxism byword the economic base as determining the superstructure Althusser saw them as having a Double funct ion.That they work together, superstructure determines economic base and economic base determines superstructure. He explained this by expanding Marxs ideas by bringing in Repressive State Apparatuses and Ideological State Apparatuses. That people are seen as subject and state has different associations to keep people under control by force, violence and also by giving people ideas how everything works and it is all meant to be for people, to make their lives better and more organised. Ideology is meant to keep people under ruling class power and order.In my opinion the ideology is working just fine, it keeps the world organised and together. Only it does it through false consciousness, lies. Hawkes, D. (1996) Ideology. reprint edition. Routledge Althusser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. overbold York Monthly Review P. Available at http//www. cla. purdue. edu/ incline/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed 21 April 2009) Althus ser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York Monthly Review P.Available at http//www. cla. purdue. edu/English/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed 21 April 2009) Althusser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York Monthly Review P. Available at http//www. cla. purdue. edu/English/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed 21 April 2009) Little, D. (no date) False Consciousness, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Available at http//www-personal. umd. umich. edu/delittle/iess%20false%20consciousness%20V2. htm (Accessed 21 April 2009)

Geology Midterm Review

Introduction to Geology GEOL-101 Midterm 1 Review Based on the textbook Understanding ball, 6th Edition, by Grotzinger and hug CH 1 earth system Summary The human creative process, field and lab observations, and experiments help geoscientists formulate testable hypotheses (models) for how the Earth works and its history. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation focusing attention on plausible features and relationships of a working model. If a testable hypothesis is confirmed by a large personify of data, it may be elevated to a theory. Theories ar abandoned when subsequent investigations show them to be false.Confidence grows in those theories that withstand repeated tests and successfully predict the results of spick-and-span experiments. A set of hypothesis and theories may become the ground of a scientific model that represents an entire system too complicated to replicate in the laboratory. Often models are tested and revised in a series of computer simulations. Confidenc e in such a model grows as it successfully predicts the behavior of the system. The elevations of Earth topography averages 12 kilometers above sea level for land features and 45 kilometers below sea level for features of the mystic ocean.The belief of uniformitarianism articulates that geological processes nominate worked in the same way throughout sentence. Earths interior is divided into concentric layers (crust, mantle, core) of sharply different chemical typography and density. The layered composition of the Earth is driven by sombreness. Only eight of the 100 or so elements account for 99 percent of Earths mass. The lightest element (oxygen) is most abundant in the surface crust and mantle, while the densest (iron) makes up most of what is found deep in the core. Earths major interperforming systems are the climate system, the plate tectonic system, and the geodynamic system.The climate system involves interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Th e plate tectonic system involves interactions among the lithosphere, asthenosphere, and deep mantle. The geodynamic system involves interactions at bottom the central core that kick upstairs occasional reversals of Earths magnetic field. As the Earth cooled, an outer relatively rigid shell, called the lithosphere, formed. Dynamic processes driven by heat transfer, density differences, and gravity broke the outer shell into plates that move around the Earth at rates of centimeters per year.Major components (atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) of Earths surface systems are driven mostly by solar energy. Earths internal heat energizes the lithosphere, asthenosphere, deep mantle, and outer and inner core. scathe and Concepts Asthenosphere Convection Core Continental lithosphere Continental crust Earth systems Geology Inner core Lithosphere Mantle Oceanic lithosphere Oceanic crust Plate tectonic system Principle of uniformitarianism Scientific method Topography CH 2 plate tectonics Su mmary For over the last century some geologists have argued for the concept of continental drift based on he jigsaw-puzzle run into of the coasts on both sides of the Atlantic the geological similarities in arguingnroll ages and trends in geologic coordinates on opposite sides of the Atlantic fossil evidence suggesting that continents were joined at one time the distribution of glacial deposits as well as another(prenominal) paleoclimatic evidence In the last half of the twentieth century the major elements of the plate tectonic theory were formulated. Starting in the 1940s (WWII), ocean floor mapping began to reveal major geologic features on the ocean floor.Then, the relate between magnetic anomaly patterns on the seafloor with the paleomagnetic time scale revealed that the ocean floor had a young geologic age and was systematically older away(p) from the ocean ridge systems. The concepts for seafloor spreading, subduction, and transform faulting evolved out of these and o ther observations. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the Earths lithosphere is broken into a dozen touching plates. The plates slide over a partially molten, weak asthenosphere, and the continents, embedded in some of the moving plates, are carried along.There are three major types of boundaries between lithospheric plates diverging boundaries, where plates move apart convergent boundaries, where plates move together and one plate often subducts beneath the other transform boundaries, where plates slide past each other Vol potbellyoes, earthquakes, and crustal deformation are concentrated along the active plate boundaries. Mountains typically form along convergent- and transform-plate boundaries. Where divergent-plate boundaries are exposed on land, subsiding basins and mafic volcanism are typical.Various methods have been used to estimate and measure the rate and direction of plate movements. Today seafloor-spreading rates vary between a few to 24 cm per year. Seafloor i sochrons get out the basis for reconstructing plate motions for about the last 200 million years. Distinct assemblages of rocks characterize eachtype of plate boundary. Using diagnostic rock assemblages embedded in continents and paleo-environmental data recorded by fossils and sedimentary rocks, geologists have been able to reconstruct ancient plate tectonic events and plate configurations.Driven by Earths internal heat, convection of torrid and cold matter within the mantle, the force of gravity and the existence of an asthenosphere are important instruments in any model for the driving mechanism of plate tectonics. presently studies of the plate-driving forces focus on discovering the exact nature of the mantle convection. Questions being addressed include Where do the plate driving forces originate? At what depth does recycle occur? What is the nature of rising Convection Currents? The assembly and subsequent break up of Pangaea represent a striking example of the effects of plate tectonics acting over geologic time.The story begins with the breakup of the ancient supercontinent of Rodinia 750 million years ago. Plate tectonic processes dispersed the fragments of Rodinia forming a system of ancient continents that existed from the late proterozoic through much of the Paleozoic. Continued tectonic movement eventually resulted in a set of continental collisions and reformation of the ancient continents into Pangaea. Assembly was completed during the primordial Triasic, about 240 million years ago. Then, about 200 million years ago the rift that would evolve into the Atlantic Ridge began to open and the separation of Pangaea was underway.By the set out of the Cenezoic, India was well on its way to Asia, and the Tethys sea that had separated Africa from Eurasia began to close into the youthful inland sea that we know as the Mediterranean. Continued changes during the Cenozoic produced our modern world and its geography. Terms and Concepts Continental dr ift Continent-continent convergent boundary Convergent boundary Divergent boundary Island arc Isochron Lithospheric plates Magnetic anomaly Magnetic time scale Mid-ocean ridge Mountain range Ocean-ocean convergent boundary Ocean-continent convergent boundary Pangaea Plate tectonicsSeafloor spreading Spreading center Subduction Transform boundary Wegeners hypothesis CH 3 earth materials Summary Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a specific crystal structure and chemical composition. Minerals form when atoms or ions chemically bond and come together in an orderly, three-dimensional geometric arraya crystal structure. Chemical bonding may occur any as a result of simple electrostatic attraction (ionic bond) or electron sharing (covalent bond). The strength of the chemical bonds and the crystalline structure determine many of the physiologic properties, e. . , hardness, cleavage of minerals. Silicate minerals are the most abundant class of minerals in the Earths cr ust and mantle. Common silicate minerals are polymorphs of silicon ions arranged in either isolated tetrahedral (olivine), single chains (pyroxene), double chains (amphibole), sheets (mica), or three-dimensional frameworks (felspar). There are three important groups of silicates ferro milligram silicates, e. g. , olivine and pyroxenecommon in the mantle feldspar and quartzcommon in the crust clay mineralcommonly produced by chemical weatheringOther common mineral classes include carbonates, oxides, sulfates, sulfides, halides, and native metals. A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals. A few rocks consist of only one mineral and a few others consist of non-mineral matter. The properties of rocks and rock name calling are determined by mineral content (the kinds and proportions of minerals that make up the rock) and texture (the size, shapes, and spatial arrangement of crystals or grains. There are three major rock types Igneous rocks solidify from molten liquid ( magma) crystal size within igneous rocks is largely determined by the cooling rate of the magma body.Sedimentary rocks are made of sediments formed from the weathering and erosion of any pre-existing rock deposition, burial and lithification (compaction and cementation) transform loose sediments into sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic rocks are formed by an readjustment in the solid state of any preexisting rock by high temperatures and pressure. Terms and Concepts Anion Atomic mass Atomic number Carbonate Cation division Covalent bond Crystal Crystallization Electron sharing Electron transfer Isotope Magma Mineral Polymorph Precipitate Rock CH 4 igneous rocks SummaryIgneous rocks can be divided into two broad textual classes coarsely crystalline rocks, which are intrusive (plutonic) and therefore cooled slowly finely crystalline rocks, which are extrusive (volcanic) and cooled rapidly. at heart each of these broad textual classes, the rocks are subdivided according to their composit ion. General compositional classes of igneous rocks are felsic, intermediate, mafic and ultramafic, in decreasing silica and increasing iron and magnesium content. Figures 4. 1, 4. 2, 4. 3 and Table 4. 1 summarize common minerals and composition of igneous rocks.The reduce crust and upper mantle are typical places where physical conditions perk up rock to melt. Temperature, pressure, rock composition, and the presenceof water all affect the melting temperature of the rock Increase temperature not all minerals melt at the same temperature refer to Figures 4. 6 and 4. 7, which explain how fractional crystallization results from Bowens reaction series. The mineral composition of the rock affects the melting temperature. Felsic rocks with higher silica content melt at lower temperatures than mafic rocks which contain less silica and more iron/magnesium.Lower the confining pressure a reduction in pressure can induce a juicy rock to melt. A reduction in confining pressure on the hot up per mantle is thought to generate the basaltic magmas which intrude into the oceanic ridge system to form ocean crust refer to Figure 4. 15. Add water the presence of water in a rock can lower its melting temperatures up to a few hundred degrees. Water released from rocks subducting into the mantle along convergent plate boundaries is thought to be an important factor in magma generation at convergent plate boundaries.As subduction begins water trapped in the rock is subjected to increasing temperature and pressure. Eventually the water is released into sedimentary layers above where it melts split of the overlying plate refer to Figure 4. 16. Terms and Concepts Andesite Basalt Batholith Bomb Concordant intrusion Country rock Decompression melting Dike discrepant intrusion Diorite Extrusive igneous rock Felsic rock Fractional crystallization Gabbro Granite Granodiorite Intermediate rock Intrusive igneous rock Lava Mafic rock Magma chamber Magmatic specialization Partial melting Pe gmatite Peridotite Pluton Rhyolite PorphyryPum water ice Pyroclast Rhyolite Sill Ultramafic rock Volcanic ash xenolith CH5 sedimentary rocks Summary Plate tectonic processes play an important role in producing depressions (basins) in which sediments accumulate. Sedimentary basins result from rifting, thermal sag, and flexure of the lithosphere. The sedimentary stages of the rock cycle involve the overlapping processes of weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, burial, and diagenesis. Weathering and erosion produce the clastic particles and dissolved ions that compose sediment. Water, wind, and ice transport the sediment downhill to where it is deposited.Burial and diagenesis harden sediments into sedimentary rocks via pressure, heat, and chemical reactions. The two major types of sediments are clastic and chemical/biochemical. Clastic sediments are formed from rock particles and mineral fragments. Chemical and biochemical sediments originate from the ions dissolved in water . Chemical and biochemical reactions precipitate these dissolved ions from solution. Understanding the characteristics of sediments and modern sedimentary environments provides a basis for reconstructing past environmental conditions using the rock record.Sedimentary structures like bedding, ripple marks, and mud cracks, provide important clues about the sedimentary environment. Diagenesis transforms sediment into sedimentary rock. Burial promotes this displacement by subjecting sediments to increasing heat and pressure. Cementation is especially important in the lithification of clastic sediments. The classification of clastic sediments and sedimentary rocks is based primarily on the size of the grains within the rock. The name of chemical and biochemical sediments and sedimentary rock is based primarily on their composition. Terms and Concepts Carbonate rockCarbonate sediment Cementation Chemical weathering Compaction Conglomerate Cross-bedding bare-assed oil Diagenesis Evaporit e rock Flexural basin Foraminifera Graded bedding Gravel Limestone Lithification Physical weathering Porosity Ripple Salinity Sandstone Sedimentary basin Sedimentary structure Shale Siliciclastic sediments Sorting Subsidence Thermal subsidence basin CH 6 Metamorphic rocks Summary Metamorphism is the alteration in the solid state of preexisting rocks, including older metamorphic rocks. Increases in temperature and pressure and reactions with chemicalbearing fluids cause metamorphism.Metamorphism typically involves a rearrangement (recrystallization) of the chemical components within the parent rock. Rearrangement of components within minerals is facilitated by higher temperatures, which increase ion mobility within the solid state higher confining pressure compacts the rock directed pressure associated with tectonic activity can cause the rock to shear (smear), which orients mineral grains and generates a leafing and chemical reactions with migrating fluids may remove or add materi als and induce the growth of new minerals.The two major types of metamorphism are regional metamorphism, associated with orogenic processes that build mountains, contact metamorphism, caused by the heat from an intruding body of magma, and seafloor metamorphism, also known as metasomatism. Other less common kinds of metamorphism are burial metamorphism, associated with subsiding regions on continents, high-pressure metamorphism, occurring deep within subduction zones and upper mantle, and shock metamorphism due to meteor impact refer to Figure 6. 4.Metamorphic rocks fall into two major textural classes the foliated (displaying a preferred orientation course of minerals, analogous to the grain within wood) and granoblastic (granular). The composition of the parent rock and the grade of metamorphism are the most important factors controlling the mineralogy of the metamorphic rock. etamorphism usually causes little to no change in the bulk composition of the rock. The kinds of mineral s and their orientation do change. Mineral assemblages within metamorphic rocks are used by geoscientists as a occur to the original composition of the parent rock and the conditions during metamorphism.Metamorphic rocks are characteristically formed in subduction zones, continental collisions, oceanic spreading centers, and deeply subsiding regions on the continents. Terms and Concepts Amphibolite Burial metamorphism Contact metamorphism Eclogite Foliation Gneiss Granoblastic rock marble Metasomatism Migmatite Phyllite Porphroblast Quartzite Regional metamorphism Schist Seafloor metamorphism Shock metamorphism Slate Adapted for the GEOL101 course by Alfonso Benavides (2012)

Compare the way the poets write about love Essay

A sonnet is traditionally a hunch forward poem, with 14 lines and generally ending with a couplet. The two sonnets I am comparing treat the nature of love, but portray two completely different human relationships between lovers. While browns poem is an ode to a pure, simple and almost childlike love, Shakespeares is a critique of his relationship, in which both sides play a game of double-bluff. This poem mocks the idea of true love. We sense simply from the titles that, while Brownings Sonnet is an expression of heartfelt emotions, Shakespeares Sonnet 138 is just another meaningless work out of many, perhaps like his mistresses.Brownings work is extremely feminine and is almost certainly about her husband, as she was married, as opposed to the masculine view of women in Shakespeares era that mistresses were disposable. I believe that Shakespeare has written this sonnet about a mistress rather than his wife, Anne Hathaway, because the untruthfulness in the relationship shows a lack of commitment between the two lovers. In these poems, the attitudes of the poets to their relationships and partners are extremely different.When Browning says, I love thee to the depth and breadth and height my soul can r for each one, she implies that she cannot live without her lover, so of course this is wherefore she stays with him. However, in Shakespeares case, he stays with his mistress because he knows he is past his prime and no longer a handsome, young stiff man. Her lies of being faithful and her reassuring him that he is young in her mind flatter his ego, despite his knowledge of her untruthfulness.Perhaps by saying thus vainly thinking that she thinks me young, he is trying to confound himself believe this, because he says, Simply I credit her false-speaking tongue, so he actually prize her for considering his feelings. He cannot be angry with her for lying to him because he reciprocates in the matter. He is happy in the situation, and believes that his lover thinks he is nai ve and unlearned in the worlds false subtleties. He seems to fear being alone and not being able to obtain another mistress.This is in sharp contrast to Brownings sense of security with her lover, and feeling of openness and honesty. There is a quality of immortality to her love that is suggested in the phrase, I shall but love thee better after end. The nature of the two relationships differ a great deal we sense that , while Browning conveys a love that is very spiritual and uncomplicated, Shakespeares relationship is more sexual without much actual love.Religious words and imagery, such as Grace, Praise, Faith, Candlelight and God are utilize to reinforce the feeling of purity in Sonnet. Meanwhile, in Sonnet 138, Shakespeare says, Therefore I lie with her, and her with me, using the double entendre of sex as thoroughly as untruthfulness and suggests that he has purely sexual motives for being in the relationship. He poses the idea that they are kept together by the fact that they lie to each other, because he creates the situation of them in bed together as they have not broken up as a result of being truthful.The style used in both poems gives more reinforcement the conflict between the two sonnets. In Sonnet, many of the lines begin simply with the words, I love thee. This simplistic, repetitive style gives Brownings piece a childlike quality and supports the message of innocence that is interweaved into the poem. She says she loves him with her childhoods Faith, showing that she loves him wholeheartedly and has no doubts, like a child loves its parent because they know no better.She could therefore see her husband as a father encrypt as he protects her and gives her stability. On the other hand, language is used to the opposite effect in Shakespeares Sonnet 138. The childhood aspect of this poem is associate to gullibility. He makes use of negative words such as lies, unjust, untutord and false to show that he does not believe in love. victimisation these words in rhyming couplets lies and subtleties even more pronounces the negative imagery.The sonnet out of the two that I prefer is Sonnet 138 by Shakespeare. This is because he has make a break from the traditional style of sonnets, which usually exhault the ideal of love and describe it in all its beauty. He takes the idea of love and almost mocks it, satirising the orthodox style of other sonnets. More complex language is used within the sonnet, unlike Brownings simple prose. The impact of both of the poems is that they make us think about love in very different ways.

La Civilisation Ma Mere

Driss Chraibi was bon in El Jadida (formerly Mazagan, French Morocco), a town near Casablanca. His father was a tea merchant, who perceived Western education as a means to modern Morocco. Chraibi attended Koranic school as a young boy. When the family moved to Casablanca, Chraibi continued his studies at the French Lycee. At age of xix he went to France planning study chemical engineering and neuropsychiatry. After abandoning his studies, he traveled throughout Europe and Israel.Chraibi settled in France with his first wife and children, and at last devoted himself in 1952 to literature and journalism. In 1954 Chraibi began writing for the National Radio and Television Broadcasting System. In 1978 he married Sheena McCalliion. From his first marriage he had five children. Chaibi taught in Canada for a year after his second divorce but returned then to France. Chraibis works have been translated into English, Arabic, Italian, German, and Russian. Chraibi remained in France until his death.He died on April 2, 2007, in the village of Crest, where he had lived since the mid-1980s. His body was brought back to Morocco and buried in in the Cimetiere des Chouhada in Casablanca. As a novelist Chraibi made his debut with Le unstylish simple (The Simple Past), which was published in 1954, two years before Morocco gained its independence. The book arose much controversy because of the inflammable political situation in the jointure Africa. Chraibi was criticized as a traitor to the Arab world and French conservatives saw that the book revealed the reason for French presence in Morocco.The hotshot in the novel is a young man, Driss, who revolts against his tyrannical Moslem father. The father banishes Driss from the home and Driss begins his wandering on the streets. Finally he returns to home only to find that his mother has committed self-annihilation in his absence. The novel ends with Drisss departure for France. Driss is an outsider in his own country, oppressed by his family and the feudal, religious traditions. Chraibi was so disturbed by critics, that he publicly jilted the novel in 1957, but later regretted his action.The book was banned in Morocco until 1977. Chraibis next novel, Les Boucs (1955, The Butts), was set among the Arab immigrants living in poverty in France. One of the characters was found apparently on Francois Mauriac the narrator is an Algerian writer, whose hopes to find understanding among his countrymen is hindered by their illiteracy. The book was ahead of its time Chraibi was the first North African writer to screen the issue of migrant workers, before the subject became an issue of widespread debate.Lane (1956) was a tragic story of a rural barber, Moussa, who finds his prophetic mission and death in changing Morocco. Succession ouverte (1962) continued the story of Ferdi Driss, who returns to Morocco for his fathers funeral. Driss has spent sixteen years in France, but now re-establishes his relations with hi s mother and brothers. Gradually Driss realizes how old family set have given way to the ideas of the West. Remember, Driss?Would any of us have dared to start dinner before he got back, whether it was after midnight or dawn? You remember, dont you? Un ami viedra vous voir (1967) was set in the modern bourgeois Paris. La civilization, ma mere (1972) was about the self-realization of a housewife in Morocco shortly before and during World War II. The protagonist is a cloistered Arab mother, who becomes a symbol of Third World liberation. Arab feminists have acknowledged Chraibi s sympathetic portraits of women with respect.

Electronic gadgets Essay

Technology has become a very important part of our lives nowadays. During the ultimo few years, technology has evolved in many ways and is probably without a doubt better than ever before. People are always trying to chance on something new that will improve our lives dramatically. Some of the creations that live really changed our lives are the computer, telephone, internet and electronic mail, television, cell phone and voice mail. Everything has a positive and a negative effect on our lives and so does technology. Technology may be very helpful but it piece of tail sometimes be very harmful. In our modern society, people cant see themselves without computers.see morelife without modern gadgets articleComputers have evolved so much during the past years. They employ to be bulky, expensive and not very reliable machine but nowadays there are fast, small and affordable and nearly every family has a computer. With computers you can browse over the internet and look for informatio n about a subject instead of having to do read books at the library or read the newspaper. This image was selected as a picture of the week oNowadays mostly everything is available on the internet. You can even do your Christmas obtain over the internet instead of having to spend a long time waiting at the malls. Electronic mails can be sent over a network and its much faster and takes up less time than to have to write a letter and then send it and the person would have to wait a day or more to get your letter. Cell phones are also very useful gadgets as people can leave you wherever you are. In case of emergency people can contact you even if youre not at home. When you have a computer you can just store your files on your hard drive and it can be retrieved at any time. Its also much easier

Last Chance in Texas

Hubner, John. (2005) Last Chance in Texas The Redemption of Criminal Youth. New York, NY. ergodic House Inc. Last Chance in Texas is an eye opening look into the efforts of the juvenile justice clay to rehabilitate youth offenders and integrate them back into society. The book chronicles the research of author John Hubner who heard to the highest degree a facility in Texas that ran an aggressive and hotshot of the most fortunate, treatment plans in America for cherry young offenders. He was particularly curious how a state like Texas, known for its hardcore side toward crime, could be a leader in rehabilitating knock-down-and-drag-out and troublight-emitting diode youths.Through a span of over guild months at The Giddings nurture in Texas, Hubner discovered that making offenders understand their one-time(prenominal) and how their actions affected other(a)s was key to successful rehabilitation. By observing schools therapists and students, Hubner learned that the rehabilit ation process was an intense egotism identification program that forced offenders to review and re-live their past hold ups that led up to the crimes they committed. The staff at Giddings challenged offenders to step into their past and visualize their crimes before and after they were committed, as well as the impact of those around them.Different techniques were utilize protagonist the students remember their pasts that most have tried to forget. Forcing them to recall specific details of their lives and the pain they suffered allowed them to address these experiences that finally led to them to violent crime. In most cases, the offenders were victims of violence well before they became violent offenders themselves. It was an emotionally biting and time consuming program designed to reprogram them and their behavior by understanding their own feelings and how their actions affected other people.In the program at The Gidding School there was a specific gang member named Ronn ie who was convicted of armed robbery and kidnapping of an elderly couple. Through intense therapy it was learned that he previously suffered from different forms of subvert end-to-end his life. Family fighting, drug use, poor p atomic number 18ntal guidance ultimately led to a life of anger and violence. As a child, his mother would often leave Ronnie and his brother Kenny alone while she went out to use drugs. On occasion, his aunt would look after the two boys while their mother was away.Not only did their aunt physically abuse them, but later on their mothers boyfriend introduced them to using and selling drugs, stealing, and guns. Re-living these memories was as anguish and traumatic as one could imagine but it was paramount in learning how and why he became the person he did. Many boys at Giddings were convinced that no one love them, and Ronnie was no exception. Giddings therapists used these sessions to break through the wall he put up thinking that no one loved them or cared what happened to them. More often than not, they were successful reaching students this way.One unique approach to developing self charge for the students at Giddings was the organization of a football program where they actually played surrounding schools. Hubner saw that this not only was a great release of aggression but also created a intelligence of authority and camaraderie among students based on mutual respect. Ironically, it was on the football field where they learned that there are alternatives to the violence they usually used to resolve differences. Unlike many a(prenominal) football teams with teenage boys, winning was not the ultimate goal for the players at Giddings. In fact, they lost their final game.However, they all felt a sense of pride and recognition for starting and finishing the football season as a team. The girls at Giddings, on the other hand, were treated somewhat different than their male counterparts. They had different ways of expressing the ir emotional pain that led to the crimes they committed. Surprisingly, one hundred percent of them had been sexually or physically assaulted. With females, therapist had to dig even deeper than they normally would have with boys. This could be somewhat dangerous since the girls were much more emotional and measurably more violent during therapy sessions.Oddly enough, female fights were more unexpected, viscous, and ended more painfully than those of the boys. One interesting approach in therapy was when parents of murder children visited the program and told their stories. The idea was to appeal to the inner hearts of the emotionally withdrawn young female offenders. It was apprehension that females would better identify with the stories of these families and be able to tell their own story. It proved effective as many do great emotional progress and were able to tell their own stories in therapy.One by one all the young women opened up, pouring out their feelings they had been ho lding inside for so long. It was an incredible experience to witness for everyone in attendance. Upon graduation from The Giddings School, each student goes their separate way. For many, going back to institutions and detention centers was their coterminous stop in their journey. Others went back to their respective homes with their families. Many of these students managed to change their lives for the better and become someone they neer thought they could.They are the rehabilitation success stories for The Giddings School. Sadly however, there are many that are not rehabilitated and eventually return to correctional facilities. This book is an intense story or so rehabilitation and hope in spite of appearance the juvenile justice system. The young men and young women at Giddings can go through days of intense therapy and counseling. Only after they learn how to deal with their past and the pain they have endured, can they stick to heal. Most kids enter Giddings with no feelin gs of love, self worth, respect for others, or hope.However, through very structured program administered by loving therapist and staff members, most students begin to realize that though they have made mistakes, they too are loved. This book would be an outstanding reference for anyone interested in learning about a more positive approach to rehabilitating violent youth offenders who seem to have no hope. The Giddings School consistently provides some of the best results in the county. At Giddings, kids with no hope they leave with feeling of self worth, love, and sometimes even a new family.

Kochansak and Aksan

IntroductionCompliance is a word described as the willingness of a person to follow an steering from another person at a given time. It is a major concern of tikerens p arnts and teachers because accordance will help a child follow simple orders at home by his or her p bents and follow rules and regulations in the school.BodyThere are two bods of contour according to the book of Kochanska and Aksan, the situational compliance and the committed or receptive compliance however these kinds of compliance have various distinctions. Situational compliance is based on an mentality of avenge and punishment that is why a child obeys the parent even without the sincere commitment and bargain because the child is either afraid of the punishment for not obeying or the child is eager of the reward for obeying. On the other hand committed or receptive compliance is based on the childs willingness to cooperate it is of his or her freewill to do what is asked for him or her to do. Further m ore(prenominal) than, the committed or receptive compliance is the more advanced form of compliance and it is associated with the childs internalization.In the compliance study of Kochanska and Aksan they put together out that children found it easier to admit with dont touch instructions that clean up instructions. The liftment of compliance is of all-important(prenominal) value because of its role in the internalization of a childs moral value, self-control, autonomy and socialization. The mho and the third year of a persons life is important for developing these achievements, the childs ability to develop self-regulation starts at this age.This skill of a child comes along with the cognitive capability to understand commands made by their parents and the ability to carry the commands. And there is such a time that when a child becomes more subject to comply he or she would be less willing to comply, a function of the childs increasing autonomy. As the child grows older, he or she becomes more cooperative but with an increasing skill in the use of negotiation strategies, this is to get what he or she wants (Kochanska 1995).In another study it shows that gos are more direct in their request for compliance lets vocalise for example a father will say pick up your gyps directly to the child, in this way the children are likely to sustain because of the authority over them. On the other hand mothers are more indirect and more cordial with regards to their requests for compliance, and they buzz off use of bargain system to make the child obey to what they are requesting for example mothers would say please go to bed now, if you clean your room I will buy the toy that you want, these are some of the requests mothers make. In this manner the children will likely to comply with their mothers request because of the reward waiting for them or the affection that they felt (1995).Proposed explanationThere are various thoughts that I want to propose in the fi ndings of Kochanska and Aksan why the children find it easier to comply with the dont touch instructions than cleansing up instructions. The reasons I think are as follows.A. it is easier to command a child not to touch things rather than cleaning things up because children do not want to be manipulated and given instructions as of to fix things or to clean things up.B. another aspect is because children thinks it is better not to touch things rather than to bother fixing them and position them in place after because it is a lot of work to do. Children are of course some kind of lazy and they think that these little tasks are big deal and that they cannot do it.C. Third aspect of this is that children make use of the bargain system to get what they want for example they would only clean things up if they are given a reward for the task they did. This is situational compliance, in which the child is expecting for something in return for the price of complying.Test DesignWith regard s to the proposed explanations above, a test is to be designed to be fitting to test if the proposed explanations are true or not and if the explanations are accurate or not.In this test we are going to need 20 children of the same age, children who are in the pre-school because children of this stage are more able to comply but less willing to comply. The children would be asked to do 2 things also, either to fix their toys and get a reward or just merely sit down and play. In this way we would be able to know if the children wanted to comply with things because they are going to get something out of it, more likely a situation compliance or if children just simply comply with things because it is what they wanted to do or what we call committed compliance. We ought to ask the 20 children individually which of the choices they want to oblige.This study aims to know if children of this stage are more of a situation compliance or committed compliance, and this also aims to measure the willingness of the children to comply with little tasks.In the end of the study we would be able to know if the proposed explanations are true if more children fixed their toys for the reward they are going to get.Reference1. Kochanska, G., Aksan, N., (1995). Motherchild mutually positiveaffect, the quality of child compliance to requests andprohibitions, and maternal control as correlates of early internalization.2. Kochanska, G., Aksan, N., & Koenig, A. L. ( 1995). A longitudinalstudy of the grow of preschoolers conscience Committed complianceand emerging internalization. Child Development, 66,17521769.

Crucible Essay

Even after doing those things the harassers still end up at fault for whatever happened to them, nevertheless despite all that, they were able to regain their lost integrity. In Millers play it can be seen that calibers were disposed the opportunity to w hat was right which they used, however it was not an easy for them to make the decisive on of telling the truth. An example of this is when John observe refuses to sign his name on an affiliation. The reason Proctor refuses to do so is because he values his reputation and more than allthing he wants to keep his good name. Because it is my name Because cannot permit another in my life Because I lie and sign myself to lies Because I am not worth the dust on t he feet of them that hang How may live with reveal my name? I arrive at given you my soul leave my name. (Act 4 page 143. ) In this quote it is seen that Proctor is trying unattackable to keep his name clean, and while doing so he does not care to the highest degree wha t the future consequences would be. Simi Larry rarified Hale has citizens who look up to him which places him as a higher authority. Pray you, someone take these (Act 1 page 36. Here it is showed that Hale possesses p rower over the tizzies and that he is not concerned about the others in town. However tow awards the end both characters lose whatever power they had which causes them to be current to 20th errs and tell the truth and earn back their lost integrity. When the time came Proctor realized he en deed to redeem himself. A man may think immortal sleeps, but God sees everything, know it no w. I beg you, sir, I beg you see her what she is She thinks to dance with me on my wifes grievous And well she might, for I thought of her softly.God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such(prenominal) sweat. But it is a whores vengeance (Act 3 page 110. ) Here Proctor finally admits y o performing adultery and admits to his past mistakes, heretofore though it has cosseted hi m his life e. Also Hale does the same, he admits to his mistakes and comes out with whatever truth was aft to be told. Let you not mistake your duty as I mistook my own. (Act 4 page 132. ) Hale after a long time finally admits that he apply his power and he regains his lost integrity while e trying to save the lives of innocent people.Also throughout the play it can be seen that there is change between character s whether it be the character changing themselves or helping other characters change. A good example of this would be from the beginning of the play, when it is seen that Proctor is did slowly to his wife Elizabeth. Baby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But will make love off my hand before Ill ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind. We never touched, Baby (A CT 1 page 23). This here shows that Proctor is unfaithful to his wife and that he is also trying to revoke the past and keep the truth about his adultery in the dark.In contrast while Proctor w s unfaithful, Hale was being motivated by wrongdoings. Why is it all simple. I come to do the devils work. I come to counsel Christians they should belie themselves. There is caudex on my head. Can you see the blood on my head (Act 4 page 131). Here Hale is showing that he has been motivated by the devil to do wrong things. He here believes that he is doing the devils w ark. Never the less even after displaying such hideous traits both characters managed to chi anger themselves and again earn back any lost integrity.

Financial planning

commit is not as simple as it seems. For, numerous people oft adore which of the different types of investment processes forget present more bills in the shortest possible time(Weston, 1996). People often equate the viability of investments in terms of many factors including safety, risk, income, emersion, and liquidity. The following paragraphs explain these decision making factors in detail. automobile trunkStock or Equity Financing. The investor entrust feel safe if he invests in a conjunction that has a historical trend of generating network(Gapenski, 1997). For, he gets a sh are of the income if the order makes specie. On the early(a) hand, the investor depart have a high fortune of squandering his or her money if the companion he or she invests in has been generating losses for the past form or years of operation. To reiterate, he will generate income if the company generates income. Also, he or she will limit his or her investment money decrease if the com pany generates losses.For, his or her investment in stocks or fair play financing will grow if the company generates profits in its generating activities. Thus, if the company generates losses, the company will end growing in terms of net assets. If the assets of the company are liquid, then this is a good investment. liquid state is how genuinely near the assets like inventory, accounts receivable and the remaining other assets dissolve be easily converted into cash. Cash is the most liquid asset. The investor is the stockholder or proprietor of a certain percentage of the company. Surely, forthcoming income is unpredictable.Corporate and Goverment Bonds. The investor will feel safe if the company he lends his money has been generating income for the past year or years of operations for thither is strong probability that the company will have enough money to pay the bond investor. Evidently, this is a lender (investor) & borrower (loaner) relationship. Likewise, if the compan y is generating profits for the past years, then thither a miniscule risk that the creditor will be paid when the cod date for loan payment arrives.The income of the investor here is based on a pre agreed sake rate. Thus, future tense delight income can be predicted. The growth is predictably fixed based on the periodic interest income rate agreed by the parties. enthronement here is very liquid because the investor received fixed interest income on the money he bestow to the company. Definitely, investment here is very predictably fixed. uncouth Funds. Here, money from a group of investors is collected and invested in bonds, stocks and other short term money market place securities and instruments. This is a safe investment because the interchangeable cash are invested by an expert third party in stocks, bonds or cash options such as Euro dollar, and other foreign currencies in what we call forward contracts. Thus, investments here are safe and the risk is very minimal. Th e income is very assured because money is invested in several income -generating companies.The uncouth fund representatives are generally experts in giving advice on which funds to invest money in. The mutual fund advisor gathers data and analyzes the peculiarities of for each(prenominal) one fund and determines the optimal mix of securities and communicates this to the investor. Consequently, money invested here will grow fast because of the expert caution of the mutual fund advisors. Finally, liquidity is reassured because the money invested in the different funds can be easily divested and the cash investment withdrawn. Clearly, future income here is erratically in the investors favor.Real Estate. Investment in echt estate is very safe because the market value of priming coat continues to escalate upward. Thus, there is a very small risk in real estate investments. Investment in land is very reassured because land prices continue to rise each year. Furthermore, growth will undoubtedly go each year. This investment is very liquid because, land can easily be sold and converted to cash anytime of the day. Investment here is very lucratively predictable.CONCLUSION four of the more popular investment methods are 1) Stock or Equity Financing 2)Corporate and Government Bonds 3) Mutual Funds 4) Real Estate. The bottom aura here is that the investor in interested to know if he or she will make money from investing his or her hard earned cash and cash equivalents. In conclusion, each investor will often ask the method which he or she is very comfortable with.REFERENCESWeston et. Al., Essentials of managerial Finance, Dryden Press, New York, 1996Gapenski, L., Brigham, E., monetary Management, Dryden Press, New York, 1997Financial planningInvestment is not as simple as it seems. For, many people often wonder which of the different types of investment processes will yield more money in the shortest possible time(Weston, 1996). People often equate the viability of investments in terms of many factors including safety, risk, income, growth, and liquidity. The following paragraphs explain these decision making factors in detail.BODYStock or Equity Financing. The investor will feel safe if he invests in a company that has a historical trend of generating profits(Gapenski, 1997). For, he gets a share of the income if the company makes money. On the other hand, the investor will have a high probability of squandering his or her money if the company he or she invests in has been generating losses for the past year or years of operation. To reiterate, he will generate income if the company generates income. Also, he or she will find his or her investment money decrease if the company generates losses.For, his or her investment in stocks or equity financing will grow if the company generates profits in its generating activities. Thus, if the company generates losses, the company will stop growing in terms of net assets. If the assets of the compa ny are liquid, then this is a good investment. Liquidity is how very near the assets like inventory, accounts receivable and the remaining other assets can be easily converted into cash. Cash is the most liquid asset. The investor is the stockholder or owner of a certain percentage of the company. Surely, future income is unpredictable.Corporate and Goverment Bonds. The investor will feel safe if the company he lends his money has been generating income for the past year or years of operations for there is strong probability that the company will have enough money to pay the bond investor. Evidently, this is a lender (investor) & borrower (loaner) relationship. Likewise, if the company is generating profits for the past years, then there a miniscule risk that the creditor will be paid when the due date for loan payment arrives.The income of the investor here is based on a pre agreed interest rate. Thus, future interest income can be predicted. The growth is predictably fixed based o n the periodic interest income rate agreed by the parties. Investment here is very liquid because the investor received fixed interest income on the money he lent to the company. Definitely, investment here is very predictably fixed.Mutual Funds. Here, money from a group of investors is collected and invested in bonds, stocks and other short term money market securities and instruments. This is a safe investment because the mutual funds are invested by an expert third party in stocks, bonds or cash options such as Euro dollar, and other foreign currencies in what we call forward contracts. Thus, investments here are safe and the risk is very minimal. The income is very assured because money is invested in several income -generating companies.The mutual fund representatives are generally experts in giving advice on which funds to invest money in. The mutual fund advisor gathers data and analyzes the peculiarities of each fund and determines the optimal mix of securities and communica tes this to the investor. Consequently, money invested here will grow fast because of the expert management of the mutual fund advisors. Finally, liquidity is reassured because the money invested in the different funds can be easily divested and the cash investment withdrawn. Clearly, future income here is unpredictably in the investors favor.Real Estate. Investment in real estate is very safe because the market value of land continues to escalate upward. Thus, there is a very small risk in real estate investments. Investment in land is very reassured because land prices continue to rise each year. Furthermore, growth will undoubtedly unfold each year. This investment is very liquid because, land can easily be sold and converted to cash anytime of the day. Investment here is very lucratively predictable.CONCLUSIONFour of the more popular investment methods are 1) Stock or Equity Financing 2)Corporate and Government Bonds 3) Mutual Funds 4) Real Estate. The bottom line here is that t he investor in interested to know if he or she will make money from investing his or her hard earned cash and cash equivalents. In conclusion, each investor will often choose the method which he or she is very comfortable with.REFERENCESWeston et. Al., Essentials of Managerial Finance, Dryden Press, New York, 1996Gapenski, L., Brigham, E., Financial Management, Dryden Press, New York, 1997

Wearable Computer

Ever since the development of the ENIGMA (the first digital computer), computers have inspired our imagination. In this finis came the World War II code breaking machine designed by Alan Turing, and Von Neu pieces ENIAC which bunghole be called dinosaurs compared to present day PCs. In the earlier days, computers were so huge that it took an entire building, or at least a floor to occupy one. Computers of that era were very slow by todays standards.In the non-ending struggle to increase computing speed, it was found out that speed of electricity might become a limiting factor in the speed of computation, and so it was a need to lessen the distance that electricity had to travel in order to increase the computing speed. This idea still holds dependable in mod computing. By the 1970s, computers grew fast enough to process an average drug users applications. But, they continued to occupy vast amount of space as they were made of solid blocks of iron.The input was done by means of salt lick cards, and later came the keyboard, which revolutionalized the market. In 1971 came the 4004, a computer that was finally small in size. The programmability of these systems were quite less. Still, computers had to be blocked directly in to AC outlets, and input and output done by punch cards. These computers were not create keeping users in mind. In fact, the user had to adjust himself with the computer. This was the time when wearable computer (wearcomp) was born.In the 1970s, wearcomp challenged the other PCs with its cleverness to run on batteries. Wearcomps were a new vision of how computing should be done. Wearable computing showed that man and machine were no more separate concepts, but rather a symbiosis. The wearcomps could become a true extension of ones mind and body. 1. 1. Definition of Wearable Computer Wearable computing facilitates a new form of human-computer interaction comprising a small body-worn computer that is always on and always lay down and ac cessible.In this regard, the new computational framework differs from that of hand held devices, laptop computers and personalized digital assistants (PDAs). The always ready potentiality leads to a new form of synergy between human and computer, characterized by long-term adaptation through with(predicate) constancy of user-interface. 1. 2. What is a Wearable Computer? A wearable computer is a computer that is engulfed into the personal space of a user, controlled by the user, and has both operational and interact ional constancy.Most notably, it is a device that is always with the user, and into which the user empennage always enter commands, and execute a set of such entered commands, and in which the user can do so while walking around or doing other activities. i. e. The wearcomp is a intertwined computer. Unlike wristwatches, repair eyeglasses, wearable radios, etc. the wearcomps are reconfigurable as the regular desktop PCs. Wearable computing can be defined in terms of i ts three basic modes of operation and its six fundamental attributes.

Institutionalized Juveniles and their rights Essay

Institutionalized Juveniles and their rights - Essay ExampleIn judging on a proposal to make a audition private, the court must fall into account the maturity and age of the offender, charges against the offender, probability of confidentiality breach, and the advantage of privacy to the offender and weigh these issues against the advantage of an devote hearing (Champion, 1997).A juvenile offender has the right to be allocated a guardian. A guardian of a person may be appointed for the offender if the court establishes it will be at the better interest of the juvenile offender, or if no guardian, custodian, or parent turns up at a hearing with the offender (Champion, 1997).A considerable body of law ascertains the rights of incarcerated and detained juvenile offenders and safeguards their rights in confinement. Ombudsman programs also help to care juvenile correctional facilities. They safeguard the rights of juvenile offenders in custody. The people who protect juvenile offende rs rights derive their office from the Supreme Court, and juvenile codes and statutes (Champion,

Rene Descartes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rene Descartes - turn up ExampleI think, hence I am, this is so genuine and of such evidence that no earthly concern of doubt, however extravagant, could be alleged by the skeptics capable of shaking it, therefore I concluded that I might, without scruple, experience it as the first principle of the philosophy of which I was in search.(Descartes, 1989, p30) This is fair enough from a skill psychological perspective. Although psychic energy (particularly archetypal energy) is more usually regarded as Jungian Depth Psychologys show judgment of conviction point due to psychic energy being primordial and universal. It is the view of Jungians that it took millenias of human psychological phylogeny to produce humans like Descartes who are capable of such great attentitive, focused, reflective thought. Nevertheless, for Descartes, he was in the main focused on this own individual self, and for that reason his starting point is accepted here. Thus what I thought I had seen with my ey es, I actually grasped solely with the faculty of judgment, which is in my mind.(Descartes)We can be certain of psychic reality. We can be largely certain of untold physical reality but what Descartes is grammatical construction here, is that outer objects may not be seen as they authentically are. We have no way of knowing. We cannot obtain beyond human limitations. Where Jungian Depth Psychology separate from Descartes is in limiting his sentiment to one and wholly(a) type directed consciousness thinking. But before advent to that we can briefly state what is positivist in this Cartesian method. It has already been noted that it took millenias of evolution to dispatch the stage where one could reflect, think, be thoughtful and focused in the way that Descartes was. Because for Descartes, the true way of subsisting was to think. A thinking thing must(prenominal) think in order to be healthy. For... Rene Descartes was a major philosopher of the seventeenth century, belo nging to the school of Continental clear-sightedism. Descartes sets out in his Discourse on Method to doubt all that could be doubted, albeit not to completion up believing in nothing, but rather so that he would believe in only that which really was true. We can be certain of psychic reality. We can be largely certain of much physical reality but what Descartes is saying here, is that outer objects may not be seen as they really are. We have no way of knowing. We cannot get beyond human limitations. Where Jungian Depth Psychology parts from Descartes is in limiting his thinking to one type directed consciousness thinking. But before coming to that we can briefly state what is positive in this Cartesian method. It has already been noted that it took millennias of evolution to reach the stage where one could reflect, think, be attentive and focused in the way that Descartes was. Because for Descartes, the true way of living was to think. A thinking thing must think in order to be h ealthy. For Descartes, this thinking must be free from passion and prejudice if it is to be healthy and if it is to operate with perfect rational clarity and thereby attain certain knowledge. Descartes (as good as) perfects directed thinking appropriate to his pre-Freud and pre Jung time and place.

Supply Chain Management Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Supply Chain focusing apple - Essay ExampleThis success could be due to the increasing amount of lend concatenation of mountains managers reporting to the CEO of a comp any(prenominal) rather than to the manufacturing department, a trend across businesses (Allen, 2010). It has been suggested that the supply chain for Apple involves ten steps in four different countries, which are Singapore, Taiwan, the US and mainland China. Taiwan provides roughly of the manufacturing comp unmatchednts for an iPhone (Apples biggest seller ), with six different elements being produced here the digital camera staffs, international circuitry, industrial connectors, silicon Bluetooth chipset, technology printed circuit boards and stainless metal casings (Lyons, 2010). This encourages us to believe that the supply chain manager believes that Taiwan is the forteest and most efficient supplier of many of the components for the iPhone and early(a) Apple products. It also means that on that point is a bottleneck for the supply chain, in that if there were to be any economic issues or disasters in Taiwan, then the supply chain for the iPhone would be severely disrupted and there would be problems in the supply of these products. Essenti totallyy, the supply chain manager at Apple feels that the benefits from producing many components in Taiwan (cost and efficiency) outweigh these dangers. China is the location in which all these components come together to be assembled, suggesting that the country has a very cheap roil rate compared with the US, and the shipping costs from this country are low enough for the cost of labour in this country for this to be the most efficient method. All of this information suggests that Apple uses a upright piano integration system for their Supply Chain Management (Lyons, 2010). A vertical integration system is one where most of the hardware components of a product are bought from a variety of different manufacturers which are all own and con trolled by the underlying company in this case Apple. This helps to avoid any hold-up from trying to conflate many different companies, and it also stops the different pieces of hardware being used by other companies, ensuring that the end product is something completely unique again, something very important to Apple. The use of a manufacturer owned by the central company also ensures that the data chip, or processor, or other product, can be manufactured exactly according to company specifications, ensuring a greater specificity. This can be a retort to the make-buy decision. The make-buy decision The make-buy decision is essentially a choice between outsourcing and manufacturing (Probert, 1997). It has been suggested that the decision is easy, and that a company should outsource any components that are not critical to the products success, do not require any specialised design or manufacturing elements, and are not core to the companys future plans and central products (Burt & Burf, 2009). There are many other ways of making the decision, one of which is known as the contribution-per-constraint module (CPCM) that relies on knowing and analysing the constraints of the component (Gardiner & Blackstone, 2007). In this case, the Supply Chain Management team at Apple have decided that it is best to make many of the components (or

Transportation in the Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Transportation in the Supply Chain - Essay ExampleFor the paper, it is beta to suck up that the paper is discussing on the concrete chock up s the product that is produced as well as sold by the connection. It is important again to highlight that the company that does the production of the product is CRH Company. The company raw materials are imported from other companies outside the undefiled with very few areas that provision the company with the raw materials. It is considered very vital and quite in inn to reiterate the fact that this company does the production exercise and supplies the products to the various branches that operate from the other ends of the world. These are set in the various countries in the world. This therefore vividly explains the concept of globalization as an adopted proficiency that the company has put into action as a way of combating the stiff completion from the other businesses (Dadashian, Shakibfar, & Fazel, 2007).It is important to highlight that the company faces very stiff competition from the other companies that produce similar products as the company. This has do the company to spend much on the product promotional measures and campaigns as well as establishing to a greater extent branches all over the world. This is to enable the company to realize more sales. Some of the companies that pose great argufy to the company are Bunco Company limited, Aisha Company limited, Genesee Company limited and finally Susana Company limited. all in all these produce similar product and they tend to engage the products in differentiation actions to make them attract customers to their products (Ilangkumaran, & Kumanan, 2009)In the diagrammatic representation of the supply, the chart below clearly gives the true operational picture and diagram of the company starting from the way in which the raw materials are received by the company, through processing to the supply of the products to the various wholesalers, retailers as wel l as